15 extra multiple-choice questions for Reproductive Health (12th Standard Zoology, Samacheer Kalvi), beyond the ones printed in the textbook — each with the correct option highlighted and a clear, worked explanation. Free to read in English and Tamil.
Q1
Which hormone is secreted in increased amounts due to suckling by the baby, subsequently suppressing the release of GnRH from the hypothalamus?
- A. Progesterone
- B. ProlactinCorrect
- C. Luteinizing hormone
- D. Oestrogen
Explanation. Suckling stimulates the pituitary to secrete prolactin for milk production. High prolactin levels suppress the release of Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus, preventing the menstrual cycle.
Q2
Which non-steroidal preparation is the active ingredient in the weekly oral contraceptive pill 'Saheli', developed by the CDRI in Lucknow?
- A. CentchromanCorrect
- B. Progestasert
- C. Levonorgestrel
- D. Tubectomy
Explanation. Saheli is an oral contraceptive developed by the Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI) in Lucknow, India. It contains a non-steroidal preparation known as Centchroman.
Q3
A congenital condition where a woman is born with functional ovaries but lacks a functional uterus is known as which of the following?
- A. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
- B. Mayer-Rokitansky syndromeCorrect
- C. Turner's Syndrome
- D. Cryptorchism
Explanation. Mayer-Rokitansky syndrome is a developmental disorder of the female reproductive tract where individuals are born with ovaries but lack a functional uterus, causing infertility.
Q4
Which vitamin is popularly recognized as the anti-sterility vitamin because of its essential role in the normal functioning of reproductive structures?
- A. Vitamin A
- B. Vitamin C
- C. Vitamin D
- D. Vitamin ECorrect
Explanation. Vitamin E is known as the anti-sterility vitamin. It is essential for maintaining the health and normal physiological functioning of reproductive structures in organisms.
Q5
Which of the following scientists is credited with the discovery of human sex hormones?
- A. Adolf ButenandtCorrect
- B. Ian Wilmut
- C. Francis Crick
- D. Frederick Sanger
Explanation. Adolf Butenandt discovered human sex hormones, which laid the foundation for modern reproductive endocrinology and the development of hormone-based therapies and contraceptives.
Q6
In which year did the World Health Organization build an informal working group on biosafety that prepared the voluntary code for releasing organisms into the environment?
- A. 1951
- B. 1971
- C. 1991Correct
- D. 2013
Explanation. The World Health Organization established an informal working group on biosafety in 1991, which developed the voluntary code regarding the release of genetically modified organisms.
Q7
Which day is globally observed as World Population Day to raise awareness about population trends and reproductive health issues?
- A. 11th JulyCorrect
- B. 1st December
- C. 10th August
- D. 29th December
Explanation. World Population Day is observed annually on 11th July. It aims to focus global attention on the urgency and importance of population demographics and reproductive health.
Q8
Which double S-shaped plastic intrauterine device is categorized as a non-medicated IUD?
- A. Lippes loopCorrect
- B. Progestasert
- C. Multiload 375
- D. Nova T
Explanation. Lippes loop is a double S-shaped plastic intrauterine device. Unlike copper-releasing or hormone-releasing IUDs, it does not release any active chemical or hormonal agents.
Q9
What is the estimated success rate of intrauterine devices (IUDs), making them one of the most popular contraceptive options among Indian females?
- A. 75 to 80%
- B. 80 to 85%
- C. 90 to 95%
- D. 95 to 99%Correct
Explanation. Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are highly effective contraceptive methods with a reported success rate of 95 to 99 percent, making them widely used in India.
Q10
Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) is considered extremely safe and carries minimal risk to female fertility if performed up to how many weeks of gestation?
- A. 8 weeks
- B. 12 weeksCorrect
- C. 18 weeks
- D. 24 weeks
Explanation. MTP is extremely safe when carried out in the first trimester, which is up to 12 weeks of pregnancy, because the foetus is not yet deeply associated with maternal tissues.
Q11
Which of the following sexually transmitted infections is caused by a protozoan pathogen?
- A. Syphilis
- B. Candidiasis
- C. TrichomoniasisCorrect
- D. Chlamydiasis
Explanation. Trichomoniasis is a protozoan sexually transmitted infection. In contrast, syphilis and chlamydiasis are bacterial, while candidiasis is a fungal sexually transmitted infection.
Q12
In Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART), the transfer of an embryo containing more than 8 blastomeres into the female uterus is termed as which technique?
- A. Zygote intra-fallopian transfer (ZIFT)
- B. Intra-uterine transfer (IUT)Correct
- C. Gamete intra-fallopian transfer (GIFT)
- D. Artificial insemination (AI)
Explanation. When an embryo develops beyond the 8-cell stage (more than 8 blastomeres), it is transferred directly into the uterus, a technique known as Intra-Uterine Transfer (IUT).
Q13
During the in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedure, after how many hours of hCG injection is egg retrieval performed under minor surgery using ultrasound guidance?
- A. 12 to 14 hours
- B. 24 to 28 hours
- C. 34 to 37 hoursCorrect
- D. 48 to 52 hours
Explanation. Egg retrieval is performed under general anesthesia 34 to 37 hours after a human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injection, using ultrasound as a guide to locate mature follicles.
Q14
During the in vitro fertilization (IVF) process, how many motile sperms are required for each retrieved egg in the laboratory medium to facilitate successful fertilization?
- A. 1,000 to 5,000
- B. 10,000 to 1,00,000Correct
- C. 2,00,000 to 5,0,000
- D. More than 1,000,000
Explanation. In the laboratory stage of IVF, successful union of gametes requires a specific sperm density. Approximately 10,000 to 1,00,000 motile sperms are needed for fertilizing each retrieved egg.
Q15
In which year did the Government of India legalize the Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) to regulate selective abortions while addressing medical and social necessities?
- A. 1951
- B. 1971Correct
- C. 1991
- D. 1994
Explanation. The Government of India legalized Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) in 1971 under strict regulations to check illegal abortions, sex-selective termination, and ensure maternal health safety.
